The Cayley-Purser algorithm is a public-key cryptography algorithm that relies on the fact that matrix multiplication is not commutative. It was devised by Sarah Flannery (then age 16), inspired by ideas of Michael Purser, for a Young Scientist competition in 1998. Flannery named the algorithm after Purser and Arthur Cayley (the inventor of matrices).

public-key cryptography | RSA encryption

Arthur Cayley